Preparation and characterization of TiO2 photoelectrode codoped with aluminum and boron and its application in dye-sensitized solar cell

Nanocrystalline titania films codoped with aluminum and boron were prepared by cathodic vacuum arc deposition. In the process, titanium alloy target was used under an O2/Ar atmosphere, and sensitization of films were carried out by natural dye-sensitized complex in anhydrous ethanol. The structure, surface morphology and UV-vis spectra of titania films codoped were measured by X-ray diffraction analysis, scanning electron microscopy and ultraviolet-visible spectrometer. Theas-deposited films are found to be amorphous. The films annealed were examinedto be of anatase structure with orientation along the (101) planes, the averagecrystal size is in the range between 41 and 45 nm. SEM results show that thereare some pores in the codoped titania films, the optical properties of the dye-sensitized films were also measured which reveals that the spectral responses of films shift to the visible region. Under simulated sunlight illumination, the overall energy conversion efficiency of dye-sensitized nanocrystalline solar cell is 0.9%.     

Study on improvement of conductivity of Cu-Cr-Zr alloys

The influence of alloying, heat treatment, and plastic working on the performance of Cu-Cr-Zr alloys was investigated. The precipitated phases were characterized as Cr, Cu51Zr14 and Cu5Zr. Cu-Cr-Zr alloys demonstrate combination properties of high strength and high conductivity after solution treatment, aging treatment, and plastic deformation. Precipitation course of Cr is the main factor that influences the conductivity of Cu-Cr-Zr alloys, while adding Zr in the alloys adjusts the orientation relationship between Cr and matrix, and tends to increase the conductivity of aged Cu-Cr-Zr alloys after deformation.     

基于碰撞危险度的移动机器人避障模糊控制

在基于模糊逻辑的移动机器人局部路径规划基础上，引入了由移动机器人与障碍物之间的距离和相对方位确定的磁撞危险度[1]（Risk-degree of Collision)。与仅用距离作为输入变量相比，把危险度作为模糊逻辑的输入变量可以有移动机器人下一步的决策控制提供更加准确可靠的依据。最后，给出院 移动机器人在有静止和运动障碍物的环境中的避障仿真结果，表明该方法是可行的。     

00Cr22Ni5Mo3N双相不锈钢的低温超塑性研究

通过恒温热拉伸的方法研究了太钢生产的00Cr22Ni5Mo3N双相不锈钢的超塑性行为,其中重点研究了该材料的低温超塑性。在850℃的超塑性变形过程中,当初始应变速率为2.5×10~(-3)s~(-1)时,获得了500％的最大延伸率。在800℃～900℃的低温区,δ铁素体分解成γ和σ相,从而导致最终的δ/γ和γ/σ组织。微观组织分析表明:该双相不锈钢超塑性变形的机理是形变诱导相变、晶界的滑移和晶粒的转动。     

模块化数控机床概念设计的研究

通过对数控机床设计开发过程的分析，提出了模块化数控机床概念设计系统模型，该模型分为功能域，结构域及评价域三个子模型。文中用广义映射的方法实现了从功能域到结构域的映射过程。相应于概念设计中设计对象模型的演变过程，广义映射分为三层映射，建立三种模型，完成从设计需求到产品功能结构，结构布局方案和模块化结构方案的设计过程。     

铸造／热压Pr—Fe—B磁体的矫顽力及其与晶粒尺寸关系

研究了铸造/热压 r_(19)Fe_(74.5)B_5Cu_(1.5)永磁体的磁硬化特点.发现磁体反磁化过程受反向畴的形核控制.矫顽力与晶粒尺寸的对数存在线性关系: _iH_c(MA/m)=1.7312—0.4816Ind(μm)根据反向畴形核的随机性和矫顽力的统计特性讨论了该式的物理意义。     

热处理工艺参数对2A12铝合金镍磷镀层性能的影响

研究了2A12铝合金表面镍磷合金镀层的性能及热处理温度对镀层硬度、耐磨性、磨损速率等的影响.     

面向广义模块化设计的机械产品模块数据建模及其应用研究

结合粗纱机产品实例，分析了柔性模块数据模型的信息构成，重点研究了构成信息中的柔性模块设计知识及基于框架的知识表达方法，最后构建了面向对象的多信息集成柔性模块数据模型。     

过偏晶Cu-40%Pb合金凝固组织的深过冷细化

利用电磁模拟微重力设备获得S(Pb)均匀分布的过偏晶Cu-40%Pb合金实验样品,然后用熔融玻璃净化与循环过热相结合获得熔体深过冷的方法,对上述获得的均质化实验样品进行深过冷快速凝固实验和凝固组织演化规律的研究.结果表明:经过深过冷技术进行二次处理试样的凝固组织中,随着过冷度的增加弥散的S(Pb)比模拟微重力环境下得到的S(Pb)明显细化.     

高密度脉冲电流对Fe－Si－B非晶合金晶化过程的影响

对非晶Ｆｅ（７８）Ｓｉ９Ｂ（１３）合金进行了连续高密度超短脉冲电流处理和对应的等温退火处理，用Ｍｏｓｓｂａｕｅｒ谱学技术研究处理后非晶试样的微观结构变化与晶化行为．实验结果表明，脉冲电流处理明显促进非晶合金的晶化，电脉冲对晶化的影响取决于脉冲电流对非晶中原子扩散的激励作用．